Motivation - Extrinsic and Intrinsic - 1014 Words

ESSAY #2 Motivation: Extrinsic to Intrinsic Motivation is a key factor in determining business success or failure. Successful organizations relentlessly seek to operate with a clear understanding of employee needs , and develop specific focus’ on how to meet them. Two key theories in organizational motivation are expectancy theory and equity theory. Both theories focus on the outcomes of a given decision or system rather than on individual employee needs. The goal of both process theories is to increase output. Some industries are better at applying process theory than others. In high pressure sales industries process theory is evident. Computer companies run operations based on equity and expectancy theory. The†¦show more content†¦Positive feedback cycles occur when sanction is properly implemented. Extrinsic reward for incorrect reasons is deadly to organizational value creation systems. Extrinsic reward provided for performance of expected task decreases the value of future extrinsic reward and creates expectation of future extrinsic reward for routine tasks. Expectation created through over rewarding ends in withholding of high levels of extrinsic reward for average performance and is perceived as sanction. Instrumentality is decreased as effort is perceived as unrewarded. Effort is reduced to poor performance levels so that effort is matching perceived instrumentality. Successful organizations implement highly structure extrinsic reward systems that deliver consistent feedback regarding instrumentality to avoid over rewarding. Improperly controlled sanction is deadly to organizational efficiency. Sanction that is implemented through withholding of extrinsic reward destroys intrinsic reward and motivation if applied incorrectly. Sales teams that do not have the appropriate materials, knowledge, or support structure to perform at a high level should not be sanctioned. If groups are sanctioned through withholding of extrinsic rewards in situations in which other factors are the key reasons for failure group motivation is annihilated. Sanction for failure to attain success that is not attainable removes all intrinsic motivation. Successful organizations focus onShow MoreRelatedIntrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation1083 Words   |  5 PagesMotivation Ken 1 Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation Literature Review AK 11 April 2013 Professor J. Losche PSY-432 Ken 2 Both intrinsic and extrinsic motivation help to fit psychological values and beliefs of an individual. Intrinsic motivation comes from the inside of an individual, such as the drive to do something. Extrinsic motivation comes from the outside factors, such as doing something for a reward. There are mixed emotionsRead MoreMotivation, Intrinsic And Extrinsic Motivation756 Words   |  4 PagesMotivation is a very important factor no matter what sport you coach or what the team or athlete goals are. A true coach must be able to understand their athlete and be able to tap into their motivation, maximizing their performance. Chapter four was written about two particular types of motivation, intrinsic and extrinsic. No matter what theory you believe, all theories boil down to these two types of motivation. Knowing the difference between intrinsic and extrinsic motivation, can help you honeRead MoreMotivation : Extrinsic And Intrinsic Factors1476 Words   |  6 PagesMotivation: An Eva luation of Extrinsic and Intrinsic Factors Motivation has been widely studied and particularly explored in organisational behaviour. Extrinsic and intrinsic motivations are two areas of current discourse that have been critically examined for motivating workforce. This paper aims to: define extrinsic and intrinsic motivations; outline the competing views regarding the relationship between the concepts; and, apply the research findings to a workplace observation within the RoyalRead MoreEssay on Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation607 Words   |  3 PagesWhen a person plans or wants to do something, he or she has a motivation for that specific thing. In other words, when a person does something, that person has a reason why he or she should do that thing. Not always there is a reason to do something, but sometimes may be many reasons that are backing a person to take those actions to do it. This happens not only to humans, or living organisms, but also in nonliving organisms. An example is when a rock which had bounced after i t hit the floor whileRead More Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation Essay2658 Words   |  11 PagesIntrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation Students are generally classified by two different types of motivation, which are, intrinsic and extrinsic motivation. These two types of motivation are the basis for a student’s action and their view of how they perceive schooling and even life. The first type of motivation is intrinsic motivation, which â€Å"generally refers to motivation to engage in an activity because that activity is enjoyable and satisfying to do† (Noels, Pelletier, Clà ©ment, Vallerand, pgRead MoreExtrinsic Motivation And Intrinsic Motivation917 Words   |  4 Pagesthem the help that they need. Our agency has the ability to affect the lives of other people in a positive way, which leads to intrinsic motivation. Intrinsic motivation occurs when the employees have positive internal feelings that are generated by doing well, rather than being dependent on external factors like incentive pay or compliments from the boss, leading to motivation to work effectively. Designing a Motivating Workplace – The Job Characteristics Model As stated previously, the five employeesRead MoreEssay on Intrinsic versus Extrinsic Motivation1327 Words   |  6 PagesIntrinsic versus Extrinsic Motivation Introduction The success of any business depends on the productivity and satisfaction of its employees. Employees need to be motivated to work. Motivation can be defined as the inner force that drives individuals to accomplish personal and organizational goals. Motivation can be either intrinsic or extrinsic. For an individual to be motivated in a work situation there must be a need, which the individual would have to perceive a possibilityRead MoreIntrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation in College Students681 Words   |  3 PagesLet’s take a closer look at how motivation ties in with these intrinsic and extrinsic theories for motivation. It is clear that motivation is one of the most prominent driving forces by which humans pursue and ultimately achieve their goals. Motivation, quite simply, is rooted in the human instinct to minimize pain and maximize pleasure. The characteristics of such a basic theory would usually be about as clear cut as they come. However, motivatio n relies heavily on one’s personal psychology as wellRead MoreIntrinsic vs Extrinsic Motivation Essay992 Words   |  4 Pages1 Intrinsic Motivation verses Extrinsic Motivation Jakarla Watts Foundation of Online Learning American Public University Sharie Adamson Read More Motivation: Intrinsic vs. Extrinsic Essay1077 Words   |  5 PagesMotivation can be defined as the desire or inspiration to carry out specific tasks or to do something. Motivation is required when goals are being set and more so in their execution. In a work setting, motivation can be defined as a process through which individuals choose between alternative forms of behavior with the aim of achieving personal objectives. The goals sought by individuals can be extrinsic or relatively tangible such as monetary rewards and promotion, or intrinsic or intangible such

Separation of Powers and Checks and Balances - 654 Words

There are both similarities and differences, when referring to checks and balances and separation of powers. Both have to do with the Government. But separation of powers is a model of government in which different parts of the government are in charge of different tasks; in the United States, these parts are known as the Legislative, Executive, and Judicial. Checks and balances is a means of trying to ensure that these three parts of government stay equal, and that one does not try to take over another. Separation of powers was first introduced as a government model in ancient Greece, and was used largely in the Roman republic. Under this Government model, the state is divided into separate and independent entities. The normal†¦show more content†¦Checks and balances does not separate the powers, rather it expands off of it. Checks and balances gives each entity of government a different advantage over the other. Some examples are: 1. The president can veto laws, but congress can overrule the veto with 2/3rd vote. 2. The president and congress could agree on a law, but the supreme court can rule it unconstitutional. 3. Congress can pass laws, but the president has the option to veto them. 4. The president can appoint judges and other officials, but the senate must approve of them first. There are many real life examples of checks and balances being used in the US. Take Andrew Jackson for example. He vetoed over 20 bills after the civil war! Another one would be in 1936, when the Supreme Court declared the NIRA and the AAA, which were 2 new deal programs passed during the Roosevelt administration unconstitutional. After the civil war, congress also overrode over 20 presidential votes! There are no clear similarities and differences between separation of powers and checks and balances, because checks and balances expand off of the idea of separation of powers. Checks and balances relies on the idea of separation of powers,Show MoreRelatedSeparation Of Powers And Checks And Balances1144 Words   |  5 Pagesframers believed that their government should be based on the separation of powers and checks and balances. This term of separation of powers was coined by Baron de Montesquieu, a French enlightenment writer. For the framers this idea of having separation of powers was mainly to avoid having the majority ruling with a strong hand. They avoided giving any branch of what was now their new government too much power. This idea of separation of powers by the framers was also because they believed that a governmentRead MoreThe Separation of Powers and Checks and Balances Essay518 Words   |  3 PagesThe separation of powers and checks and balances is a system that was created in America by the founding fathers in the constitution of the United States. The separation of power plays an important role of keeping the three branches which are legislative, executive, and judicial in the government systems equal to one another and that neither branches becomes too powerful. Each branch has its very own power and duties to serve to the people and government. All three branches play a significant roleRead MoreThe Theory, Separation Of Powers With Checks And Balances, And Divided Government1456 Words   |  6 PagesWhy is it so difficult to accomplish anything in American government? The answer lies within three features of American government: the Hyperpluralist theory, separation of powers with checks and balances, and divided government. All these aspects of government result in gridlock, â€Å"a condition that occurs when interests conflict and no coalition is strong enough to form a majority and establish policy, so nothing gets done† (19 ). The first element of government that halts progress in America isRead MoreFederalism, Separation Of Powers, Checks And Balances And The Bill Of Rights1208 Words   |  5 Pages Federalism, separation of powers, checks and balances and the bill of rights are the four main elements that the constitution is made up of. All four of these elements are what made the constitution strong, lasting over two hundred years. Three separate branches were created that had their own specific powers. The government was then given the power to tax and enforce its laws. The structure of how this one document has governed is what makes the constitution unique. The U.S. constitution establishedRead MoreWhy Did the Founding Fathers Create a Constitution Based on the Ideas of Separation of Powers, Checks and Balances, Federalism and the Bill of Rights?1533 Words   |  7 Pagesconstitution based on the ideas of separation of powers, checks and balances, federalism and the bill of rights? The founding fathers wanted to create a constitution because many believed that the national government had to be stronger than what it had been with the use of the Articles of Confederation. But at the same time they were fearful of human nature and how often it could be seen in the history of other countries such as Britain, for people in the position of power to infringe on the rights ofRead MoreSystem of Checks and Balances in America Essay1215 Words   |  5 PagesConstitution creates separation of power by dividing the government into three separate branches. These branches include the executive branch, the bicameral legislative branch and judicial branch. In order to ensure that no branch were to overpower the other two branches, the forefathers of the United States of America created a system of checks and balances. Because the United States of America Constitution created the separation of power that is supported by a system of checks and balances, the United StatesRead Mor eThe Constitution Defends a Tyranny-free Government773 Words   |  3 PagesConstitution defends against tyranny are federalism, separation of powers, and checks and balances. Federalism is one of the ways that helps defend against tyranny. Federalism granted powers to the central government and to the state. They share a portion of the powers between them, as shown in the diagram, like the power to take and borrow money (Doc A). With overlapping powers, neither groups would have complete control, yet would retain enough power to subdue any uprising made by the other party.Read MoreEssay on Separation of Powers in the US Government877 Words   |  4 PagesThe separation of power throughout the united states government prevents one part of the government from becoming so strong that it can infringe on the freedom of the governed (Bernstein 24). The united states government is a representative republic. A representative republic is a type of democracy where the people elect representatives to vote for them in the nations matters, rather than having every person vote on every single election and issue. The U.S. government is separated into three mainRead Mor eEu - Separation of Power?1629 Words   |  7 PagesIn this essay I shall attempt to analyse whether the separation of powers is respected in the attribution of competences within the European Union. The separation of powers In order to assess this question we first have to consider what the doctrine of separation of powers actually is. The idea was developed by the French jurist Montesquieu in the 18th Century. It is based on a division of power between the legislature, the executive and the judiciary. Each institution have their distinct and largelyRead MoreThe Separation of Powers Doctrine Essay1040 Words   |  5 PagesThe Separation of Powers Doctrine The Separation of Powers Doctrine can be traced as far back as ancient Greece and essentially the meaning attributed to it is the dividing functions of government between groups with different interests, so that no power in the centre can act without the cooperation of others. However there are many interpretations of the doctrine, one being that of Aristotle, who favoured the division of power according to class interests of the

Dixons Hrm Brief Free Essays

Human Resource Management Functional Brief Dixons Group’s decision to reorientate the business around serving the customer has had far reaching implications for Human Resource Management (HRM). The emphasis on first-class customer service is intended to help Dixons differentiate itself from its online competitors. The decision to stress personal, face-to-face interactions is clearly something that online competitors will be unable to replicate and if this can be turned into a source of competitive advantage for the company then it represents a sound strategic move. We will write a custom essay sample on Dixons Hrm Brief or any similar topic only for you Order Now The strategy does, however, hinge on Dixons being able to deliver this excellent customer service. The very face-to-face nature of service delivery means that it can only be provided through the employees of Dixons group which, in turn, means that human resource management is pivotal. This shift in emphasis is best illustrated by the two delivery drivers in the video of the customer plan who comment that when delivering goods ‘we shouldn’t just be saying â€Å"sign here† and then running off. We should give them [the customer] that experience’. http://www. dixonsretail. com/dixons/templates/modules/video. jsp) Aligning HRM strategy with this shift in business strategy has considerable implications for Dixons employees. With employee turnover at 15% – a low level for a retail organisation – the majority of employees affected by the change have spent time working under the previous system. This means that a significant amount of retraining is ne cessary to ensure that employees both know and are able to implement the new strategy. At the heart of the new strategy is the idea of solving problems for the customer. As Group Chief Executive, Sebastian James points out ‘When customers come in and say they want a television what they actually mean is that they want to do something – they want to watch the game, entertain the kids†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ Training Dixons staff to help solve the customers’ problems involves ensuring that they not merely have excellent product knowledge but also the know how to provide ancillary services around the product. Dixons achieves this through a mixture of techniques, for example workshops and e-learning. Techniques to help the employees remember the key features of particular products are also employed. Through a clear, customer orientated approach, Dixons hopes to be able to help solve their customers’ problems, rather than simply sell them a box. This training has cost Dixons a great deal of money, with all staff having been through at least three cycles of retraining. These efforts, however, appear to be bearing fruit with significantly improved customer advocacy measures. The percentage of customers who are ‘very likely to recommend’ Dixons has risen from 43% to 73% since 2010 (Dixons Annual Report and Accounts 2011/12, p. 9). The Dixons case illustrates how the alignment of business strategy with people strategy is important in achieving organisational objectives. The customer metrics appear to be improving and it will be interesting to see how this impacts on the financial performance of the business. How to cite Dixons Hrm Brief, Papers

The Concept of Global factory-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp.com

Questions: 1.Discuss about the Concept of Global Factory? 2.What are the Implications of the concept for International Business? 3.If you were to establish a firm of your own, how would you leverage the global factory to develop your firm into a successful International Business? Answers: 1.Global Factory In todays scenario when the integration of the whole worlds economy is taking place the concept of global economy has enhanced to a greater extent. The economic activities that are conducted globally and the merging of innovation along with production and distribution of commodities and services give rise to new form of institutions known as Global Factory. The countries which are in the phase of emergence or the developing countries are restricted by the influence of the global factories. This concept of global factory was given Peter J. Buckley. The corporations working in the different nations combine their plans and strategies globally. The role of global factory concept is increasing in todays time as it inculcates the governance of both internal activities and contracts with external parties. It is a complex organizational form at the macro level. Globalisation too has its impact on its emergence (Buckley, 2011). Also, the introduction of this concept led to the creation of kno wledge and new ideas for the multi-national enterprises (Brien, Scott, Gibbon, 2011). The emergence of global factory allows the managers to react as co-ordinators across the globe which are connected internally. The success of this system is basically dependent on the cooperation and co-ordination. Control of information plays a significant central role in this regard. Changes in technology especially the introduction and growing electronic media have reduced the cost of transactions taking place at the global level. 2.Implications of Global factory on International business The concept, Global Factory has influenced the international business and also the strategic decision making of the international business. The internationalisation theory considers the location and ownership status for the economic activities that are conducted. The emergence of global factory has provided new horizons in terms of location to enter international business (Buckley Strange, 2016). The global supply chain can be categorised into three parts i.e. original equipment manufacturers, customer for contract manufacturers and the third category is warehousing. With the widening of scope of the business, global factory provides financial strength to the business operating at international level to buy the firm possessing potential nature in the host country. The obstacles that lie in the way are the geographical based i.e. transportation and costs of transactions or the lack of entrepreneurial culture. The conduction of the business at the global level requires the firm to hav e proper control over the business operations. Decision dynamics act as a managerial tool in effectively supporting the business operations and decisions based on location and ownership. The theory of internationalisation focuses on grouping of the resources of the firm at the firm level. 3.Leveraging the global factory to develop the firm into a successful international business If I were to establish a firm of my own at the international level then to develop and making my firm a success, I would have made the head office to critically adopt and analyse the operations of the firms value chain to associate and directly influence the spread economic activities at an international level. According to Hillemann Verbeke (2014), as the impact of externalities and that too influence the working dynamically therefore, analysis of external environmental factors becomes the essence for organisation success at the global level. Social media or improved technological innovations would be my weapon to reach to the farther locations. Nurturing the assets including managerial capabilities and organization flexibility of focal firm also matters in leveraging global factory (Eriksson, Nummela Saarenketo, 2014). The power of global factory is dependent on the combined effects of entrepreneurship, control and selecting the appropriate data and facts; availability and applic ation of finance and capital and new ideas (innovation). The institutions of parent company can be combined with them so that the entrepreneurship practices and business risk taking can be encouraged and fostered in a faster way and the transformation needs to be adjusted. (Buckley, 2011) .Developing a reputation of the brand name can also assist the global factory to spread its production and services in the host country. My focus would be to control of distribution and widespread the operations of the business to ensure its future success. In the present time, when the technological development is at its peak along its merit of cheaper source to spread the business at the international level, its implication can act as a productive means to develop the business. So in order to develop my firm at an international level, by leveraging the global factory the combination of finance, knowledge management, promotional techniques and long term strategy planning would be required for inte rnational business success and to gain competitive advantage for the firm against the new entrants. References Buckley, P. J. (2011). The impact of globalisation and the emergence of the global factory. InThe future of foreign direct investment and the multinational enterprise(pp. 213-249). Emerald Group Publishing Limited. Buckley, P. J. (2011). International integration and coordination in the global factory. Management International Review,51(2), 269. Buckley, P. J., Strange, R. (2015). The governance of the global factory: Location and control of world economic activity.The Academy of Management Perspectives,29(2), 237-249. Eriksson, T., Nummela, N., Saarenketo, S. (2014). Dynamic capability in a small global factory.International Business Review,23(1), 169-180. Jenny Hillemann ,,Alain Verbeke ,(2014), Internalization Theory and the Governance of the Global Factory, inAlain Verbeke,Rob Van Tulder,Sarianna Lundan(ed.)Multinational Enterprises, Markets and Institutional Diversity (Progress in International Business Research, Volume 9)Emerald Group Publishing Limited, pp.27 48 OBrien, D., Sharkey-Scott, P., Gibbons, P. (2011). From Federation to Global FactoriesAssessing the Contribution of the Subsidiary Middle Manager in Todays MNE.Firm-Level Internationalization, Regionalism and Globalization, Basingstoke, New York, Palgrave MacMillan, 48-63.